Source and hazard identification of heavy metals in soils of Changsha based on TIN model and direct exposure method
(1. School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Jiangxi Provincial Water Conservancy Planning and Designing Institute, Nanchang 330029, China)
2. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
3. Jiangxi Provincial Water Conservancy Planning and Designing Institute, Nanchang 330029, China)
Abstract: A total of 153 soil samples were collected from Changsha City, China, to analyze the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. A combination of sampling data, multivariate statistical method, geostatistical analysis, direct exposure method and triangulated irregular network (TIN) model was successfully employed to discriminate sources, simulate spatial distributions and evaluate children’s health risks of heavy metals in soils. The results show that not all sites in Changsha city may be suitable for living without remediation. About 9.0% of the study area provided a hazard index (HI)>1.0, and 1.9% had an HI>2.0. Most high HIs were located in the southern and western areas. The element of arsenic and the pathway of soil ingestion were the largest contribution to potential health risks for children. This study indicates that we should attach great importance to the direct soil heavy metals exposure for children’s health.
Key words: soil; heavy metal; geostatistics; health risk; triangulated irregular network (TIN) model; geographic information system (GIS)