Synthesis of one-dimensional carbon nanostructures and their application as anode materials in lithium ion batteries
(School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)
Abstract: An efficient synthesis of carbon nanofibers by pyrolysis of as-prepared polypyrrole nanowires was reported. Under the subsequent KOH activation, a significant morphology variation was detected and the obtained sample took on a ribbon-like structure. The morphology and structure of the carbon nanofibers and carbon nanoribbons were characterized. When the as-prepared one-dimensional carbon nanostructures were used as anode materials in lithium ion batteries, both of them exhibited superior cyclical stability and good rate properties. After 50 cycles, the reversible capacity of carbon nanofibers electrode maintained 530 mA·h/g. Concerning carbon nanoribbons, the reversible capacity is always larger than 850 mA·h/g and the reversible capacity retention after 23 cycles is 86%.
Key words: carbon nanofibers; carbon nanoribbons; pyrolysis; KOH activation; lithium ion batteries