Numerical simulation for macrosegregation in direct-chill casting of 2024 aluminum alloy with an extended continuum mixture model
(1. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
2. Chair of Simulation and Modeling of Metallurgical Processes, Montan Universitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria)
Abstract: An extended continuum mixture model for macrosegregation is applied to predicting Cu and Mg segregation in large-size ingot of 2024 aluminum alloy during direct chill casting (DC). A microsegregation model using the approximate phase diagram data was coupled with macroscopic transport equations for macrosegregation profiles. Then, the impacts of transport mechanisms on the formation of macrosegregation were discussed. It is found that copper and magnesium have a similar segregation configuration from the billet center to surface. Negative segregation is observed in the centerline and subsurface, whereas positive segregation is obtained in the surface and somewhat underestimated positive segregation in the middle radius. Further, the discrepancy between the predicted and experimental results was discussed in detail. The results show that the magnesium to some extent alleviates the copper segregation in ternary alloy, compared with that in binary alloy. The predicted results show good agreement with measured experimental data obtained from literatures.
Key words: direct-chill casting; macrosegregation; numerical simulation; continuum model; 2024 aluminum alloy