Dielectric characteristics and nonlinear properties of ZnO-polypyrrole composites
(1. Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;
2. Department of Basic Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran;
3. Faculty of Physics, Islamic Azad University of Shabestar, Shabestar, Iran)
2. Department of Basic Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran;
3. Faculty of Physics, Islamic Azad University of Shabestar, Shabestar, Iran)
Abstract: The nonlinear properties and frequency characteristics of ZnO-polypyrrole composites were investigated at 200 Hz- 5 MHz frequency interval with different zinc oxide contents. Samples were prepared using hot press method at 130 °C. Results show an optimum point for breakdown voltage at ZnO content of 70%. Breakdown voltage decreases from 590 to 380 V and after that tends to increase from 450 to 740 V due to the absence of polypyrrole at grain boundaries. No matter how breakdown voltage behaves, nonlinear coefficient increases from 4.2 to 9 by increasing ZnO content because of the increase in acceptor-like states at grain boundaries by increasing ZnO content. The electrical parameters such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss and series resistance of samples show a strong dependence on frequency especially below 1 kHz. These parameters fall off by increasing frequency up to 1 kHz, which is related to charge transportation through the Schottky barrier at grain boundaries. The high dielectric constant of samples below 1kHz is related to the Maxwell-Wagner polarization at grain boundaries. The presence of different anomalies at different frequency intervals is related to interfacial polarization because of different structures of grains and intergranular layer with a huge difference in conductivity.
Key words: dielectric characteristics; electrophysical properties; composite varistor; frequency dependence