Fe₄₆Co₄₄B₁₀/SiO₂ nano-multilayers were synthesized by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The thickness of individual layer was designed and controlled in nano-meter. The effect of thickness of ferromagnetic layer, insulative layer or the total number of layers on the intrinsic characteristics and microwave permeability were investigated respectively. The results show that, saturation magnetization changes obviously with different thicknesses of ferromagnetic layer or insulative layer, but coercivity changes little and remains small. When the thickness of ferromagnetic layer and insulative layer keeps 1.5 and 1.3 nm respectively and the number of the total layers increases from 10 to 90, coercivity reduces and resistivity of the films improves from 0.25 to 2.22 Ω∙m. The resonant frequency locates at the point higher than 2 GHz and the imaginary part of complex permeability at 2 GHz is larger than 150. These multilayer films can be applied in the field of micromagnetic devices or anti-interference of electromagnetic wave.

Activated nitrogen-enriched carbon/carbon aerogel nanocomposites (ANC/ACA) were prepared by synthesis of melamine resin/carbon aerogel composites, carbonization and KOH activation. Novel asymmetric supercapacitors consisting of Ni(OH)₂/Co(OH)­₂ as anode and ANC/ACA with different composite ratios as cathode were assembled. The influence of composite ratio on electrochemical performances of materials was detected by cycle voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge methods. The results of XPS and SEM show that N atoms exist in the ANC/ACA and ANC/ACA shows nanometer and honeycomb structure with more pores. When the composite ratio of ANC/ACA is 12׃1, the ANC/ACA shows the highest C_p1 (312.8 F/g) vs 103.4 F/g of ACA and 230.1 F/g of ANC. And the optimal asymmetric supercapacitor with the ANC/ACA as cathode also shows the best electrochemical performances. The optimal supercapacitor is stable over 100 cycles. When the current density is 50 mA/cm², the C_p2, E_p and P of the optimal supercapacitor are still 57.3 F/g, 9.0 W∙h/g and 1 302.1W/kg, respectively.

The laser ablation technique was employed to prepare TiO₂ nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation of a titanium target immersed in the poly-(vinylpyrrolidone) solution using wavelength of 1 064 nm. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that the rutile TiO₂ nanoparticles are synthesized at room temperature and the average size is about 35 nm with narrow size distribution. A possible formation mechanism was discussed and the UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence were measured. The optical study shows that rutile nanoparticle possesses direct optical transition with band gap of 3.15 eV.

Nonporous and porous C/PLA/nano-HA composites were fabricated by the process of solvent blending and freeze-drying technique, and the effect of porous structure on the mechanical properties of C/PLA/nano-HA composites scaffold was investigated and analyzed. The results show that the effects of porous structure on the bending strength, modulus and curves of stress and strain were obvious. Compared with nonporous sample, the curves of stress and strain of porous sample show more rough, and alternative phenomenon of stress increase and stress relaxation appears. It is strongly suggested that the fracture model of C/PLA/nano-HA composites scaffold transforms from the local to global load due to the porous structure.

By using microwave-assisted co-precipitation in aqueous phase, adding surface activation agent PEG-6000 into the mixture of InCl₃ solution and SnCl₄ solution, and dropping the ammonia solution with the density (volume ratio) of 1׃0 to 1׃4, ITO precursor was prepared at different reaction system temperatures of 35 ℃−85 ℃, then ITO nano-powder was obtained after it was calcinated at 800 ℃for 1 h. The morphology of ITO nano-powder was characterized by SEM and its electrical conductivity was determined by conductivity meter. The effects of different temperatures and ammonia concentration in microwave-assisted reaction system on its morphology and electric conductivity were discussed. The experimental results indicate that with the dilution of the ammonia solution or the rise of reacting system temperature, the morphology of ITO particles is transformed from spherical to rod-like one with the decline of its electric conductivity. And the electric conductivity of ITO nano-powders with spherical morphology is higher than that of ITO nano-powders with rod-like morphology.

CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ sorbents were prepared by means of impregnation. Thermogravimetric technique was used to study the sulfation of CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ sorbents. The sulfation tests were performed using gas containing 0.1%−0.9% SO₂, 5% O₂, 3% H₂O steam, and N₂ as the balance. Experimental conditions including temperature, SO₂ concentration and pore structure were studied. The sulfation experiment results show that the sulfation reaction rate increases with increasing temperature and SO₂ concentration, and the surface and pore volume decrease after sulfation. Sulfation kinetics analysis shows that the reaction between CuO/γ-Al₂O₃ and SO₂ obeys pore-blocking model well. Proportionality (pore-blocking constant) 1/λ decreases with increasing temperature. The activation energy and reaction order with respect to SO₂ obtained are 37.9 kJ/mol and the first order, respectively. The existing state of CuO exerts an influence on activation energy.

For the study of magnetic field-assisted assembly behavior, one-dimensional (1D) NiCo alloy nanostructures were solvothermally obtained at 180 ℃ under an in situ magnetic field (the magnetic field as applied during the chemical reduction) and ex situ field (after the chemical reduction was finished). Microscopic morphology and magnetic properties differences were investigated using scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) for these products. Magnetic measurement results show that 1D ordered microstructures under in situ magnetic field possess higher saturation magnetization M_s, remnant magnetization M_r, coercivity H_c and reduced magnetization M_r/M_s than 1D ordered microstructures under ex situ field, and the four magnetic parameters of the two ordered microstructures are much higher than those randomly distributed alloy particles prepared in the absence of external magnetic field.

In order to attain new functional nanomaterials with good magnetic property, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/hematite (MWNTs/α-Fe₂O₃) composites were synthesized using the co-deposition method. MWNTs/α-Fe₂O₃ composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), Raman spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The experimental results show that the structure and magnetic properties of the MWNTs/α-Fe₂O₃ composites are related to the heat treatment temperature. MWNTs are modified by α-Fe₂O₃ nano-particles and α-Fe₂O₃ nanorods with a diameter of 10−50 nm after being treated at 450 ℃. When the heat treatment temperature exceeds 600 ℃, MWNTs are only modified by Fe₃O₄ particles. Furthermore, the MWNTs composites treated at 450 ℃ and 600 ℃ have good magnetic behaviour.

Size-controllable and vertically-oriented TiO₂ nanotube (TNT) arrays were fabricated using anodic oxidation method from pure titanium sheets in electrolyte solutions. Then with the TNT arrays as the working electrode, a thin film of polypyrrole (Ppy) was synthesized into the TNT arrays via the electrochemical polymerization. During the process, the appearance of redox peaks in cyclic voltammetry curves of the resulting films indicates the occurrence of polymerization. The morphology, the molecular structure, crystallization and optical properties of the TNT arrays and the resulting polymer were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-vis spectrum analysis, respectively. A dual-layered photoreceptor containing the nanocomposite film as the charge generation layer (CGL) was designed and fabricated. It is found that the photoreceptor based on Ppy/TiO₂ nanotubes as CGL exhibits remarkable photoconductive performance.

High density ZnO-nanorod arrays (rod length 1.59 μm) were successfully synthesized via a microwave-assisted solution-phase method using zinc chloride and ammonia solution as reactants. The influence of concentration of ammonia solution, work power, and microwave irradiation time on the morphology and size of final products was carefully investigated. The crystal structure, chemical composition and morphologies of final products were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL). The as-synthesized ZnO is composed of single crystalline and possesses three photoluminescence emissions centered at 400, 469 and 534.5 nm, respectively.

Nitrogen-doped TiO₂ nanotubes array were synthesized to improve the photocatalytic efficiency by annealing the anodized titania nanotubes with ammonia at 500 ℃. Detailed structural analysis revealed that the nitrogen-doped titania nanotubes are of highly ordered structure, and exhibit a decreased phase transformation temperature compared with those that are not doped, as evidenced by the decrease in full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the (110) peak of rutile phase and the occurrence of the typical Raman peaks of rutile phase at 196, 235, 442, 610 cm⁻¹. According to the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation, the nitrogen-doped TiO₂ nanotubes exhibit enhanced photocatalytic efficiency compared with their non-doped nanotubes, which might be a result of either the nitrogen doping induced band gap narrowing or the synergistic effect produced by both nitrogen and fluorine dopants.

A simple hydrothermal route with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was proposed for directly synthesizing single-crystalline NiZn ferrite at 160 ℃. X-ray diffraction patterns and micrographs indicate that products consist of spinel ferrite nanogranulars. The dielectric constant of NiZnCo ferrite is about 11 and the imaginary part of complex permittivity is 1.3. The saturation magnetization (M_s) of NiZn ferrite improves from 0.041 to 0.074 A·m²/g for Ni_0.49Zn_0.5Co_0.01Fe_1.98O₄. The dielectric contant of NiZn ferrite increases from 7 to 11 with a cobalt stoichiometry of 0.01. The real part μ′ of complex permeability for NiZnCo ferrite reaches 3 at 1 GHz. The imaginary part μ″ of NiZnCo ferrite has a value higher than 1.2 within 0.7−3.0 GHz. Through the incorporation of the magnetic fillers, the low dielectric constant of the composites may meet the requirements of impedance matching to achieve the maximal absorption of the electromagnetic energy in megahertz frequency range.

The (1−x)CoFe₂O₄+xBaTiO₃ (x=0.5) magnetoelectric(ME) nano-powders were prepared by molten salt synthesis method and the corresponding ceramics were sintered. The morphology and structure of as-prepared powders and ceramics were characterized and studied systematically by using XRD, SEM and EDX. In particles, the two phases, CoFe₂O₄ and BaTiO₃, are symbiotic with nano-scale coordinate lattice. A considerable ME coefficient(α_E) of about 15.96 mV/A is observed in the x=0.5 ME ceramic, which is attributed to the better interface sintered by using those nano-particles with the two phases and a correct poling strategy on the sample. But the interface between the phases has gone through a separating and recombinating during their sintering process. A two-time sintering process was also performed on those ceramics while the α_E of the x=0.5 two-time sintered ceramic drops to 67.7 μV/A, which could be explained by the split of the interface during the recombination in the ceramics preparation.